docker-volume-backup/src/baudolo/backup/app.py

from __future__ import annotations

import os
import pathlib
import sys
from datetime import datetime

import pandas
from dirval import create_stamp_file
from pandas.errors import EmptyDataError

from .cli import parse_args
from .compose import handle_docker_compose_services
from .db import backup_database
from .docker import (
    change_containers_status,
    containers_using_volume,
    docker_volume_names,
    filter_stoppable,
    get_image_info,
    has_image,
    is_swarm_task,
)
from .shell import execute_shell_command
from .volume import backup_volume


def get_machine_id() -> str:
    return execute_shell_command("sha256sum /etc/machine-id")[0][0:64]


def stamp_directory(version_dir: str) -> None:
    """
    Use dirval as a Python library to stamp the directory (no CLI dependency).
    """
    create_stamp_file(version_dir)


def create_version_directory(versions_dir: str, backup_time: str) -> str:
    version_dir = os.path.join(versions_dir, backup_time)
    pathlib.Path(version_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    return version_dir


def create_volume_directory(version_dir: str, volume_name: str) -> str:
    path = os.path.join(version_dir, volume_name)
    pathlib.Path(path).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    return path


def is_image_ignored(container: str, images_no_backup_required: list[str]) -> bool:
    if not images_no_backup_required:
        return False
    img = get_image_info(container)
    return img in images_no_backup_required


def volume_is_fully_ignored(
    containers: list[str], images_no_backup_required: list[str]
) -> bool:
    """
    Skip file backup only if all containers linked to the volume are ignored.
    """
    if not containers:
        return False
    return all(is_image_ignored(c, images_no_backup_required) for c in containers)


def requires_stop(containers: list[str], images_no_stop_required: list[str]) -> bool:
    """
    Stop is required if ANY stoppable container image is NOT in the exact
    image whitelist. Swarm task containers never count: baudolo must
    not cycle them (see docker.is_swarm_task).
    """
    for c in containers:
        if is_swarm_task(c):
            continue
        img = get_image_info(c)
        if img not in images_no_stop_required:
            return True
    return False


def backup_mariadb_or_postgres(
    *,
    container: str,
    volume_dir: str,
    databases_df: "pandas.DataFrame",
    database_containers: list[str],
) -> tuple[bool, bool]:
    """
    Returns (is_db_container, dumped_any)
    """
    for img in ["mariadb", "postgres"]:
        if has_image(container, img):
            dumped = backup_database(
                container=container,
                volume_dir=volume_dir,
                db_type=img,
                databases_df=databases_df,
                database_containers=database_containers,
            )
            return True, dumped
    return False, False


def _empty_databases_df() -> "pandas.DataFrame":
    """
    Create an empty DataFrame with the expected schema for databases.csv.

    This allows the backup to continue without DB dumps when the CSV is missing
    or empty (pandas EmptyDataError).
    """
    return pandas.DataFrame(columns=["instance", "database", "username", "password"])


def _load_databases_df(csv_path: str) -> "pandas.DataFrame":
    """
    Load databases.csv robustly.

    - Missing file     -> warn, continue with empty df
    - Empty file       -> warn, continue with empty df
    - Valid CSV        -> return dataframe
    """
    try:
        return pandas.read_csv(csv_path, sep=";", keep_default_na=False, dtype=str)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print(
            f"WARNING: databases.csv not found: {csv_path}. Continuing without database dumps.",
            file=sys.stderr,
            flush=True,
        )
        return _empty_databases_df()
    except EmptyDataError:
        print(
            f"WARNING: databases.csv exists but is empty: {csv_path}. Continuing without database dumps.",
            file=sys.stderr,
            flush=True,
        )
        return _empty_databases_df()


def _backup_dumps_for_volume(
    *,
    containers: list[str],
    vol_dir: str,
    databases_df: "pandas.DataFrame",
    database_containers: list[str],
) -> tuple[bool, bool]:
    """
    Returns (found_db_container, dumped_any)
    """
    found_db = False
    dumped_any = False

    for c in containers:
        is_db, dumped = backup_mariadb_or_postgres(
            container=c,
            volume_dir=vol_dir,
            databases_df=databases_df,
            database_containers=database_containers,
        )
        if is_db:
            found_db = True
        if dumped:
            dumped_any = True

    return found_db, dumped_any


def main() -> int:
    args = parse_args()

    machine_id = get_machine_id()
    backup_time = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")

    versions_dir = os.path.join(args.backups_dir, machine_id, args.repo_name)
    version_dir = create_version_directory(versions_dir, backup_time)

    # IMPORTANT:
    # - keep_default_na=False prevents empty fields from turning into NaN
    # - dtype=str keeps all columns stable for comparisons/validation
    #
    # Robust behavior:
    # - if the file is missing or empty, we continue without DB dumps.
    databases_df = _load_databases_df(args.databases_csv)

    print("💾 Start volume backups...", flush=True)

    for volume_name in docker_volume_names():
        print(f"Start backup routine for volume: {volume_name}", flush=True)
        containers = containers_using_volume(volume_name)

        # EARLY SKIP: if all linked containers are ignored, do not create any dirs
        if volume_is_fully_ignored(containers, args.images_no_backup_required):
            print(
                f"Skipping volume '{volume_name}' entirely (all linked containers are ignored).",
                flush=True,
            )
            continue

        vol_dir = create_volume_directory(version_dir, volume_name)

        found_db, dumped_any = _backup_dumps_for_volume(
            containers=containers,
            vol_dir=vol_dir,
            databases_df=databases_df,
            database_containers=args.database_containers,
        )

        # dump-only-sql logic:
        if args.dump_only_sql:
            if found_db:
                if not dumped_any:
                    print(
                        f"WARNING: dump-only-sql requested but no DB dump was produced for DB volume '{volume_name}'. "
                        "Falling back to file backup.",
                        flush=True,
                    )
                    # fall through to file backup below
                else:
                    # DB volume successfully dumped -> skip file backup
                    continue
            # Non-DB volume -> always do file backup (fall through)

        if args.everything:
            # "everything": always do pre-rsync, then stop + rsync again
            stoppable = filter_stoppable(containers)
            backup_volume(versions_dir, volume_name, vol_dir)
            change_containers_status(stoppable, "stop")
            backup_volume(versions_dir, volume_name, vol_dir)
            if not args.shutdown:
                change_containers_status(stoppable, "start")
            continue

        # default: rsync, and if needed stop + rsync
        backup_volume(versions_dir, volume_name, vol_dir)
        if requires_stop(containers, args.images_no_stop_required):
            stoppable = filter_stoppable(containers)
            change_containers_status(stoppable, "stop")
            backup_volume(versions_dir, volume_name, vol_dir)
            if not args.shutdown:
                change_containers_status(stoppable, "start")

    # Stamp the backup version directory using dirval (python lib)
    stamp_directory(version_dir)
    print("Finished volume backups.", flush=True)

    print("Handling Docker Compose services...", flush=True)
    handle_docker_compose_services(args.compose_dir, args.hard_restart_projects)

    return 0