docker-volume-backup/docker-volume-backup.py

#!/bin/python
# Backups volumes of running containers
#
import subprocess
import os
import re
import pathlib
import pandas
from datetime import datetime


def bash(command):
    print(command)
    process = subprocess.Popen([command], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)
    out, err = process.communicate()
    stdout = out.splitlines()
    output = []
    for line in stdout:
        output.append(line.decode("utf-8"))
    if process.wait() > bool(0):
        print(command, out, err)
        raise Exception("Error is greater then 0")
    return output


def print_bash(command):
    output = bash(command)
    print(list_to_string(output))
    return output


def list_to_string(list):
    return str(' '.join(list))


print('start backup routine...')

dirname = os.path.dirname(__file__)
repository_name = os.path.basename(dirname)
# identifier of this backups
machine_id = bash("sha256sum /etc/machine-id")[0][0:64]
# Folder in which all Backups are stored
backups_dir = '/Backups/'
# Folder in which docker volume backups are stored
backup_type_dir = backups_dir + machine_id + "/" + repository_name + "/"
# Folder containing all versions
versions_dir = backup_type_dir + "versions/"
# Time when the backup started
backup_time = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
# Folder containing the current version
version_dir = versions_dir + backup_time + "/"
# Define latest path
latest_link = backup_type_dir + "latest/"
# Create folder to store version in
pathlib.Path(version_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

if pathlib.Path(latest_link).is_symlink():
    print("Unlink " + latest_link + "...")
    pathlib.Path(latest_link).unlink()
# Link latest to current version
pathlib.Path(latest_link).symlink_to(version_dir)

print('start volume backups...')
print('load connection data...')
databases = pandas.read_csv(dirname + "/databases.csv", sep=";")
volume_names = bash("docker volume ls --format '{{.Name}}'")
for volume_name in volume_names:
    print('start backup routine for volume: ' + volume_name)
    containers = bash("docker ps --filter volume=\"" + volume_name + "\" --format '{{.Names}}'")
    if len(containers) == 0:
        print('skipped due to no running containers using this volume.')
    else:
        container = containers[0]
        # Folder to which the volumes are copied
        volume_destination_dir = version_dir + volume_name
        # Database name
        database_name = re.split("(_|-)(database|db)", container)[0]
        # Entries with database login data concerning this container
        databases_entries = databases.loc[databases['database'] == database_name]
        # Exception for akaunting due to fast implementation
        if len(databases_entries) == 1 and container != 'akaunting':
            print("Backup database...")
            mysqldump_destination_dir = volume_destination_dir + "/sql"
            mysqldump_destination_file = mysqldump_destination_dir + "/backup.sql"
            pathlib.Path(mysqldump_destination_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
            database_entry = databases_entries.iloc[0]
            database_backup_command = "docker exec " + container + " /usr/bin/mysqldump -u " + database_entry["username"] + " -p" + database_entry["password"] + " " + database_entry["database"] + " > " + mysqldump_destination_file
            print_bash(database_backup_command)
        print("Backup files...")
        files_rsync_destination_path = volume_destination_dir + "/files"
        pathlib.Path(files_rsync_destination_path).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
        versions = os.listdir(versions_dir)
        versions.sort(reverse=True)
        if len(versions) > 1:
            last_version = versions[1]
            last_version_files_dir = versions_dir + last_version + "/" + volume_name + "/files"
            if os.path.isdir(last_version_files_dir):
                link_dest_parameter="--link-dest='" + last_version_files_dir + "' "
            else:
                print("No previous version exists in path "+ last_version_files_dir + ".")
                link_dest_parameter=""
        else:
            print("No previous version exists in path "+ last_version_files_dir + ".")
            link_dest_parameter=""
        source_dir = "/var/lib/docker/volumes/" + volume_name + "/_data/"
        rsync_command = "rsync -abP --delete --delete-excluded " + link_dest_parameter + source_dir + " " + files_rsync_destination_path
        print_bash(rsync_command)
        print("stop containers...")
        print("Backup data after container is stopped...")
        print_bash("docker stop " + list_to_string(containers))
        print_bash(rsync_command)
        print("start containers...")
        print_bash("docker start " + list_to_string(containers))
    print("end backup routine for volume:" + volume_name)
print('finished volume backups.')
print('restart docker service...')
print_bash("systemctl restart docker")
print('finished backup routine.')